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Amanita Phalloides – It’s a common, summer-autumnal mushroom,
present only under broad-leaf trees like oak, chestnut tree, beech, kernel.
Its cap measures 4-15 cm of diameter of variable colour, from yellowish green,
green, yellow, brownish or also whitish, covered from tiniest radial innate
fibres, with smooth edge. The gills under the cap are thick, uneven, wide,
white or with light greenish tints. The stalk measures from the 6 to the
12 cm, and it’s high, cylindrical, at first full, then hollow in the
adult exemplary, whitish, enlarged to base, with a membranous, drooping,
nearly smooth or slightly striped ring.
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Amanita Muscaria – Cap: 6-20 cm, fleshy, at the beginning hemispheric,
then open, humid, a bit viscous, with a slightly streaked edge, of a beautiful
bright- red or orange colour, covered from a lot of small, yellowish or white
spots, rarely bare. It has very thick, wide, white or slightly yellowish
gills. The stalk is from 12 to 25 cm, it’s cylindrical, full, then
hollow, slightly enlarged to base in a bulb that presents concentric circles
of small spots. It has a wide, white or yellowish, slightly streaked ring,
with rests of the general velum to the edge . It’s white under the
cap. The name comes from "muscarius" (lat.) = pertaining to the
flies, for its insecticide property. It’s one of the more diffused
and well-known mushroom and grows in summer-autumn.
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Lactarius Deliciosus – This mushroom has a cap of 4-12 cm of diameter, more or less fleshy, convex, often depressed in the centre, red-orange, often spotted of green and sometimes it has concentric circles. It has thick, thin, uneven, narrow, orange with red tints gills, that can become slightly green to the break. The stalk measures from 3,5 to 7 cm, is cylindrical, prematurely hollow, light orange, salmon coloured, often with some spot. You can find it in the pine forests, especially near the juniper bushes. End of summer-autumn. Good edibility.
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Lepiota Procera – parasol mushroom – Its cap measures from
10 to 25 cm, at first ovoidal or almost spherical and at the end open, brownish,
tawny-grey, covered from a scurf, desquamed in wide darker irregular scales.
It has a lot of thick, irregular, white or yellowish gills, that eventually
become brownish-reddish. The stalk can arrive until the 40 cm of height,
is long and thin, cylindrical, hollow, fibrous and hard with a showy, big,
white in the upper part, tawny in the lower part ring. Edible of high quality.
Well- known and picked. Only the cap is eaten.
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Pore mushroom – The Pore mushroom (Boletus edulis) is spontaneous
in the forests of all the regional mountain territory, with different organoleptic
shades in every valley. The mushrooms harvesting happens in woods of chestnut,
Turkey oak, beech, hornbeam and ash tree. The pore mushroom of beech are
white and lengthened while those of chestnut tree are darker and with the
red stalk. The harvesting and the preparation of the mushrooms date back
to the Middle Ages: the mushrooms were a very appreciated product. The fairs
in the valleys were tied to the money availability of the peasants, that
usually appeared at the end of the summery agricultural harvests and those
of the chestnuts and mushrooms. This event demonstrates that the mushrooms
constitutes since the nineteenth century an important component in the agricultural
economy of the hinterland villages like Sassello, Varese Ligure and Santo
Stefano d' Aveto.
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